{"id":184,"date":"2012-01-14T20:40:45","date_gmt":"2012-01-14T20:40:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/salud.net.ar\/?p=184"},"modified":"2018-05-09T20:18:36","modified_gmt":"2018-05-09T23:18:36","slug":"retina-composicion-los-ojos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/salud.net.ar\/retina-composicion-los-ojos\/","title":{"rendered":"Retina, composicion de los ojos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Todos conocemos, al menos superficialmente, los t\u00e9rminos b\u00e1sicos para ciertas patolog\u00edas oftalmol\u00f3gicas, pero \u00bfqu\u00e9 tanto sabes sobre la composici\u00f3n de tus ojos? Hoy vamos a presentarte una parte esencial del aparato ocular: la retina. La <b>retina<\/b> es la capa interna y nerviosa del ojo y por ende la encargada de generar los impulsos\u00a0el\u00e9ctricos\u00a0que llevan la imagen al cerebro.<\/p>\n<p>La <b>retina<\/b> es parte del <a href=\"https:\/\/salud.net.ar\/sistema-nervioso\/\"><b>sistema nervioso central<\/b><\/a>. Es\u00a0f\u00e1cilmente\u00a0observable y en ella podemos encontrar el \u00fanico lugar del cuerpo donde las arterias se hacen visibles.<br \/>\nLos fotoreceptores que contiene capturan la luz externa y la transmiten en forma de impulsos el\u00e9ctricos a trav\u00e9s de neuronas al enc\u00e9falo<br \/>\nPosee dos grandes secciones, una posterior y una anterior. La posterior es la parte sensorial y la anterior esta compuerta, a su vez, por dos porciones, la ciliar y la iridiana.<br \/>\nSe encuentra ubicada, externamente, pegada a la coroide pero sin adherirse a ella, e internamente pegada al cuerpo v\u00edtreo, donde se destacan el disco del nervio \u00f3ptico o papila y la m\u00e1cula l\u00fatea.<br \/>\nPosee una arteria central proveniente de la arteria oft\u00e1lmica.<br \/>\nCelularmente, esta formada por distintas capas:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>capa limitante interna<\/li>\n<li>nervio \u00f3ptico<\/li>\n<li>c\u00e9lulas\u00a0ganglionares<\/li>\n<li>plexiforme interna<\/li>\n<li>nuclear interna<\/li>\n<li>plexiforme externa<\/li>\n<li>nuclear externa<\/li>\n<li>limitante externa<\/li>\n<li>neuronas fotoreceptoras (conos y bastones)<\/li>\n<li>epitelio pigmentoso<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Algunos de los desordenes de salud que pueden afectar la retina son:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><a href=\"https:\/\/salud.net.ar\/retinitis-sensibilidad-a-la-luz\/\"> retinitis<\/a><\/b><\/li>\n<li>retinosis pigmentaria<\/li>\n<li><b> retinopat\u00edas<\/b><\/li>\n<li>desprendimiento de retina<\/li>\n<li>Maculopat\u00edas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Todos conocemos, al menos superficialmente, los t\u00e9rminos b\u00e1sicos para ciertas patolog\u00edas oftalmol\u00f3gicas, pero \u00bfqu\u00e9 tanto sabes sobre la composici\u00f3n de tus ojos? Hoy vamos a presentarte una parte esencial del aparato ocular: la retina. La retina es la capa interna y nerviosa del ojo y por ende la encargada de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":185,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v22.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Retina, composicion de los ojos - Salud.net.ar<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/salud.net.ar\/retina-composicion-los-ojos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Retina, composicion de los ojos - Salud.net.ar\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Todos conocemos, al menos superficialmente, los t\u00e9rminos b\u00e1sicos para ciertas patolog\u00edas oftalmol\u00f3gicas, pero \u00bfqu\u00e9 tanto sabes sobre la composici\u00f3n de tus ojos? 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